Ganoderma multiplicatum

Ganoderma multiplicatum (Mont.) Pat., Bull. Soc. mycol. Fr.

Index Fungorum number 357308; Facesoffungi number: FoF05655

Basidiome annual, sessile (usually with a distinctly contracted base), strongly laccate, woody. Pileus 6–9 × 3.5–5 cm, up to 3 cm thick at the base, suborbicular, plano convex, sub applante; upper surface hard, several layers thick, orange (6D8) to brown (7E8), crust overlies the pellis, containing fibrous pithy context, swollen differentiated zone at the point of attachment. Margin soft or having irregularities, 1 cm thick, rounded, white (5A1); lower surface white (5A1) to orange (5B2). Hymenophore up to 4 mm long, indistinctly stratose, white (5A1) to orange (5B2), pores circular or sub circular or isodiametric. Context up to 3 cm thick, dry, duplex; lower layer brown (7E8), fibrous, composed of coarse loose fibrils, soft; upper layer pale orange (5A3), woody. Basidiospores (n = 30) (4.8–)5.9–7.1–8.3(–9.9) × (3.3–)6.6–4.3–8.3(–9.6) μm (Qm = 1.6, Q = 1.2–2.0, with myxosporium). (3.8–)4.5–5.3–6.2(–7.2) × (1.8–)2.3–2.6–3.5(–3.8) μm (Qm = 1.3, Q = 1.3–3.8, without myxosporium), broadly ellipsoid to elongate, greyish orange (5B5) to brown (6E8), eusporium bearing fine, short, and distinct echinulae, overlaid by a hyaline myxosporium, bitunicate. Pileipellis a hymeniderm, greyish orange (5B5) to brown (6E8), composed of apically acanthus like branched cells, dextrinoid. Context dimitic; skeletal hyphae (n = 30) (2.6–)2.9–3.4–3.8(–4.2) μm in width, light brown (6D4), thick walled, sometimes branched; binding hyphae (n = 30) (1.2–)2.1–2.6–3.3(–3.7) μm in width, light brown (6D4), thick walled, branched, intertwined the skeletal hyphae.

Habitat:  On a decaying wood log, accompanied in humus rich soil with over heavily rotted litter on the ground, mossy temperate mixed coniferous forests. Producing basidiomata from summer to late autumn.

Specimens examined: MYANMAR, 11 September 2014, T.C Wen (GACP14091108, GACP14091109).

Notes: Ganoderma multiplicatum (Mont.) Pat. was originally collected in French Guyana (Moncalvo & Ryvarden 1997) and is characterized by a reddish-black pileus, a not fully homogenous context, amyloid slightly tuberculate hyphal ends in the cuticle and the small subglobose to broadly ellipsoid basidiospores (7–8 × 5–6 μm) (Ryvarden 2004b). Ganoderma orbiforme has similar tuberculate hyphal ends, but has larger basidiospores (Ryvarden 2004b). The morphology of G. multiplicatum collections from Myanmar agree well with that of the holotype as described by Gottlieb & Wright (1999a) and Ryvarden (2000). This species has been considered as similar to G. chalceum (Corner 1983) and was synonymized as G. subamboinense (Ryvarden 2000). However, Correia de Lima et al. (2014) suggested that G. chalceum and G. subamboinense are not synonyms of G. multiplicatum on the basis of molecular data. This species has a pantropical distribution (Ryvarden 2000) and subsequently found in Africa (Steyaert 1980), Asia (Zhao 1989, Bhosle et al. 2010) and South America (Bolaños-Rojas et al. 2016). Furthermore, G. multiplicatum has described from China by many authors (Zhao et al. 1979, 1981, Zhao 1989, Zhao & Zhang 2000, Wang & Wu 2007). Here, we describe G. multiplicatum from Myanmar for the first time based on molecular and morphological evidence. (from Hapuarachchi et al. 2019)