Clitopilus prunulus

Clitopilus prunulus (Scop.) P. Kumm.

Index Fungorum number: 237006

Basidiomata usually clitocyboid to paxilloid, usually medium-sized to large. Pileus 20–150 mm wide, convex to plano-convex, sometimes deeply concave; surface white to gray or brown, rarely reddish; margin incurved or undulate. Lamellae decurrent, crowded, usually up to 3 mm in height; context usually thick. Odor strongly farinaceous or none. Stipe often well developed, central or eccentric, subcylindrical and robust, rarely reduced or absent. Basidiospores 6–14 μm in length with at most 5–7 distinct longitudinal ridges, without transverse ridges or folds, rarely with reticulate ornamentation.

Ecology and distribution: Single, scattered, or in groups, on soil in broad-leaved or coniferous forest, rarely gregarious on dead wood, cosmopolitan.

Notes: The characters of this section are the mediumsized to large basidiomata and basidiospores characterized by 5–7 distinct longitudinal ridges without transverse ridges or folds. Morphologically, C. reticulosporus is unusual for this section because of the pleurotoid basidiomata and basidiospores with reticulate ornamentation. However, molecular phylogenetic analysis indicated that it should be arranged here.

Fig 1. Phylogenetic relationships among representative specimens of Clitopilus, Clitocella, and Clitopilopsis inferred from a multigene (28S, rpb2, tef1, and atp6) data set using both ML and BI methods (only the ML tree is shown). Bootstrap frequencies (>50%) and posterior probabilities (PP > 0.90) are shown on the supported branches. Sequences from type collections are marked, and altitude information of most specimens from KUN-HKAS is shown in the phylogram. New taxa are highlighted in red.